What if compressed air storage dominated the market? [24]
Executive summary If CAES became the dominant long‑duration energy storage (LDES) technology, power systems would pivot from lithium‑centric short‑duration balancing to geology‑anchored, multi‑hour to multi‑day flexibility delivered through large underground reservoirs and advanced turbomachinery. The upside: very large, durable storage at low marginal cost for long durations , strong grid resilience, and reduced dependence on critical battery minerals. The challenges: siteability constraints , integration of network‑aware operations , and ensuring round‑trip efficiency (RTE) and market revenues justify capex. Recent deployments (China’s 100–300 MW “advanced CAES”; Hydrostor’s 200–500 MW A‑CAES pipeline in Australia/California) and policy momentum (U.S. DOE LDES programs) show the technical and commercial pieces are increasingly bankable—suggesting CAES could credibly dominate the LDES segment (≥8–10 h), even if batteries remain preferred <8 h. [pv-magazine.com] , [english.news.cn...