⚡ Key Components of an Electrical Transmission System

By -
Some of the key critical components that are used in the Transmission System: 

  1. Power Generating Stations

    • The source of electricity (thermal, hydro, nuclear, solar, wind, etc.).
    • Electricity is generated at relatively low voltages (e.g., 11–33 kV).

  2. Step-Up Transformers

    • Increase the voltage to high levels (e.g., 132 kV, 220 kV, 400 kV, or higher) for efficient long-distance transmission.
    • Located at generating stations.

  3. Transmission Lines

    • High-voltage overhead or underground lines that carry electricity over long distances.
    • Typically made of aluminum conductors reinforced with steel (ACSR).

  4. Transmission Towers / Poles

    • Support overhead transmission lines.
    • Designed to maintain safe clearance and withstand environmental conditions.

  5. Substations

    • Intermediate stations that monitor, control, and route electricity.
    • Include equipment like transformers, circuit breakers, isolators, and protection systems.

  6. Step-Down Transformers

    • Reduce voltage levels for distribution to consumers.
    • Located at substations near load centers.

  7. Circuit Breakers and Switchgear

    • Protect the system from faults and allow safe operation and maintenance.
    • Automatically disconnect faulty sections.

  8. Protective Relays

    • Detect abnormal conditions (e.g., overloads, short circuits) and trigger circuit breakers.

  9. Control Systems and SCADA

    • Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems monitor and control the transmission network in real time.

  10. Reactive Power Compensation Devices

  • Include capacitors, reactors, and FACTS devices (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) to manage voltage and power flow.
  1. Grounding System
  • Ensures safety and stability by providing a path for fault currents.
Location: India

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular Posts

What is Firm and Dispatchable Renewable Energy (FDRE) ?

By -
FDRE is called "Firm and Dispatchable Renewable Energy" in context to renewable energy which refers to the power systems that combine renewable source like solar and wind with energy storage systems to ensure a reliable and controllable power supply to the grid. Here, FIRM means the energy is consistently available, even when natural source like sunlight or wind  DISPATCHABLE means the energy output can be adjusted, turned on/off or scaled up/down, to meet grid demand. This concept is introducted in India by introducing it through tenders from the organisation line SECI (Solar Energy Corporation of INdia) for large scale projects for multiple installations across the country. Energy (FDRE) operational guidelines in India. Use playful icons and bright colors. Include sections labeled: Objective, Eligibility, CUF Requirements, Penalty for Default, Dispatch Flexibility, Project Timelines, Tender Structure, and Impact. Each section should have a cartoon character or symbol repres...
Read more

What is P50, P52 & P90 ?

By -
P52, P53 and P90 are terms often used in the renewable energy sector, particularly in the context of wind or solar energy production analysis. These refer to statistical probability levels used in energy yield assessments to estimate the expected production of renewable projects over a certain time frame. P50 : Represents the median or "best estimate" production scenario. It means there is a 50% chance that the actual energy production will be higher or lower than this value. It is the expected average production in a typical year. P52 or P53 : These are uncommon notations, but they might represent slight variations from the median estimate, with a slightly higher probability of occurrence than P50. P90 : This represents a conservative estimate, meaning there's a 90% chance that the actual production will be equal to or exceed this value, making it suitable for financial risk assessments. In summary, P-levels like P50, P52, or P90 provide different confidence levels for ...
Read more

BESS Tenders for Grid-Scale Energy Storage Adoption in India

By -
Introduction India’s energy landscape is undergoing a transformative shift. With over 50% of its installed power capacity now coming from non-fossil fuel sources—five years ahead of its 2030 target—the country is rapidly embracing renewable energy. However, the intermittent nature of solar and wind power presents significant challenges to grid reliability and energy dispatch. Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have emerged as a critical solution to these challenges, and government-led tenders are playing a pivotal role in accelerating their adoption. Why Grid-Scale Energy Storage Is Essential India’s peak power demand surpassed 250 GW in 2024 and continues to rise. To maintain grid stability while integrating increasing volumes of renewable energy, robust energy storage solutions are essential. BESS enables: Load balancing  during peak and off-peak hours Frequency regulation  and grid stability Renewable energy dispatchability , ensuring power a...
Read more

Top EPC forms in Solar rooftop and Ground mounted in UAE and KSA

By -
 The UAE and Saudi Arabia (KSA) have emerged as key players in the solar energy sector, with numerous prominent EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) companies leading the development of solar projects in the region. Below is a list of some of the top EPC players in the solar sector in both countries: Top EPC Players in the UAE Solar Sector: ACWA Power A leading developer, investor, and operator of power generation and desalinated water production plants, active in developing solar PV projects across the UAE. Masdar Clean Energy A major renewable energy developer in the UAE, specializing in solar power projects, with a strong track record in both solar PV and CSP. AMEA Power AMEA Power is an emerging player in the renewable energy sector, contributing to utility-scale solar projects in the region. Sterling and Wilson Solar An Indian multinational EPC player with a strong presence in the UAE. The company has been involved in several large-scale solar installations. First ...
Read more

Deviation Settlement Mechanism (DSM) guidelines 2024

By -
As per the latest Deviation Settlement Mechanism (DSM) guidelines from the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC), DSM charges are defined based on grid stability needs, particularly regarding frequency deviation and renewable energy dynamics. The charges vary depending on the deviation percentage from the target frequency range (49.90 Hz to 50.05 Hz), with penalties scaling for larger deviations. For renewable-rich and super renewable-rich states (based on their installed wind and solar capacity), CERC allows greater flexibility in permissible deviation limits on the demand side. This aims to balance the grid challenges posed by variable renewable generation. States with renewable capacities between 1 GW and 5 GW are considered renewable-rich, while those with over 5 GW are super renewable-rich. Stand-alone energy storage systems (ESS) are subject to similar DSM charges as general sellers, but ESS paired with renewables like wind and solar follow specific volume limits for o...
Read more