Challenges, Solutions, and Collective Responsibility of Air Pollution
Understanding Air Pollution Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful substances in the atmosphere that degrade air quality and pose risks to health, ecosystems, and climate. It is a global challenge with local consequences, affecting urban and rural environments alike. As on 2025, the following are the list of challenges and methods to minimize the pollution levels and development of the action plan for the CHANGE Major Pollutants in the Atmosphere Particulate Matter (PM2.5 & PM10) – Tiny particles that penetrate lungs and bloodstream. Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) – Emitted from vehicles and industrial processes. Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) – From burning fossil fuels and smelting. Carbon Monoxide (CO) – Incomplete combustion of fuels. Ground-Level Ozone (O₃) – Formed by chemical reactions between NOx and VOCs. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) – From solvents, paints, and fuels. Greenhouse Gases (CO₂, CH₄) – Contribute to climate change. Methods to Minimize Air Pollution ...