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Showing posts from November, 2025

Challenges, Solutions, and Collective Responsibility of Air Pollution

Understanding Air Pollution Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful substances in the atmosphere that degrade air quality and pose risks to health, ecosystems, and climate. It is a global challenge with local consequences, affecting urban and rural environments alike. As on 2025, the following are the list of challenges and methods to minimize the pollution levels and development of the action plan for the CHANGE Major Pollutants in the Atmosphere Particulate Matter (PM2.5 & PM10) – Tiny particles that penetrate lungs and bloodstream. Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) – Emitted from vehicles and industrial processes. Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) – From burning fossil fuels and smelting. Carbon Monoxide (CO) – Incomplete combustion of fuels. Ground-Level Ozone (O₃) – Formed by chemical reactions between NOx and VOCs. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) – From solvents, paints, and fuels. Greenhouse Gases (CO₂, CH₄) – Contribute to climate change. Methods to Minimize Air Pollution ...

Function of Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) of India

  Overview The Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) is a statutory body constituted under the Electricity Regulatory Commissions Act, 1998. It plays a pivotal role in regulating the tariff of central generating stations, interstate transmission of electricity, and promoting competition, efficiency, and economy in the electricity sector in India. Mandate CERC's mandate includes regulating tariffs for central sector utilities, facilitating interstate transmission, ensuring grid discipline, and promoting open access in transmission. It also advises the government on policy matters and monitors the performance of licensees. Key Functions - Determining tariffs for central generating stations and interstate transmission. - Regulating interstate transmission of electricity. - Facilitating development of power markets. - Promoting competition and efficiency in the electricity sector. - Adjudicating disputes involving generating companies and transmission licensees. Governance S...